What is the recommended dosage for Bitter Orange Extract?

General: 100-200 mg bitter orange extract/day (standardized to 6-10% synephrine); Synephrine Equivalent: 10-50 mg p-synephrine/day

What are the side effects of Bitter Orange Extract?

Potential side effects include: Increased heart rate (in combination products), Headache, GI discomfort.

What is bitter orange and how may it support weight management?

Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) contains synephrine, an alkaloid that may stimulate metabolic rate. It has been marketed as a replacement for ephedra since the latter was banned. Clinical evidence for weight loss effects is limited, and safety concerns exist regarding cardiovascular effects.

What dosage of bitter orange has been studied in clinical trials?

Clinical studies have used bitter orange extracts providing 10–50 mg of synephrine per day. Whole bitter orange extracts have been used at 200–975 mg daily. Many studies combined bitter orange with caffeine and other ingredients, making it difficult to isolate its individual effects.

What are the potential side effects of bitter orange?

Bitter orange may increase blood pressure and heart rate. Adverse event reports include chest pain, anxiety, and cardiovascular events, particularly when combined with caffeine. It may interact with medications metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes. Individuals with heart conditions should avoid this supplement.

Bitter Orange Extract

herbal

Also known as: Citrus aurantium, Synephrine Source, Zhi Shi (TCM), Seville Orange

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About

A botanical extract from Citrus aurantium peel containing p-synephrine and flavonoids. Safety reviews of clinical studies have not identified significant adverse cardiovascular effects at standard doses, but FDA adverse event reports associated with multi-ingredient products limit conclusions about isolated efficacy.

How It Works

Contains p-synephrine (primary active), octopamine, and naringin. P-synephrine selectively activates beta-3 adrenergic receptors in adipose tissue, stimulating lipolysis and thermogenesis. Naringin and hesperidin (flavonoids) provide synergistic metabolic effects through AMPK activation and improved insulin sensitivity.

Side Effects

Increased heart rate (in combination products)
Headache
GI discomfort

Drug & Supplement Interactions

MAOIs
Caffeine and other stimulants (avoid combination)
CYP3A4 substrates (naringin inhibits CYP3A4)

Always inform your healthcare provider about all supplements you take.

Related Ingredients

Garcinia Cambogia Green Coffee Bean Extract Hoodia Raspberry Ketones

Quick Facts

Dosage: General: 100-200 mg bitter orange extract/day (standardized to 6-10% synephrine); Synephrine_Equivalent: 10-50 mg p-synephrine/day
Forms: capsule extract dried peel
Natural Sources: Bitter orange (Seville orange) peel, used in marmalade and traditional Chinese medicine
Upper Limit: Avoid combination with caffeine or other stimulants; cardiovascular monitoring recommended
Best Time: 30-45 minutes before meals or exercise

FDA Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The products and information on this website are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The evidence grades presented are based on our analysis of published peer-reviewed research and do not constitute medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.