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Iron

vitamin_mineral

Also known as: Ferrous Sulfate, Ferrous Bisglycinate, Iron Bisglycinate, Ferrous Fumarate, Carbonyl Iron

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About

An essential mineral for oxygen transport and mitochondrial energy production. Iron deficiency — affecting 15-30% of obese individuals — impairs exercise capacity and thyroid function. Supplementation should only be undertaken when deficiency is confirmed, as excess iron is pro-oxidant.

How It Works

Iron is essential for oxygen transport (hemoglobin) and mitochondrial electron transport chain (cytochrome enzymes). Iron deficiency — even without anemia — impairs aerobic capacity, reduces exercise tolerance, and decreases thyroid hormone synthesis (iron-dependent TPO enzyme), lowering metabolic rate. Correcting iron deficiency restores exercise capacity and thermogenesis.

Evidence For Conditions

Side Effects

  • Constipation
  • Nausea
  • Stomach pain
  • Black stools
  • Oxidative stress (excess iron)

Drug & Supplement Interactions

  • Levothyroxine (reduced absorption — take 4 hours apart)
  • Tetracycline antibiotics (reduced absorption)
  • Calcium supplements (reduced absorption)
  • Proton pump inhibitors (reduced absorption)

Always inform your healthcare provider about all supplements you take.

Related Ingredients

FDA Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The products and information on this website are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The evidence grades presented are based on our analysis of published peer-reviewed research and do not constitute medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.