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Research Figures

18 figures from peer-reviewed research

All Berberine Caffeine CLA DHEA Ginger Magnesium Omega-3 Psyllium Taurine Vitamin B12 Vitamin D Zinc
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Figure 3
Figure 3 Diagram

Pathophysiological mechanisms shared between osteoporosis and sarcopenia are diagrammed, including hormonal, nutritional, and mechanical loading factors.

Osteosarcopenia: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment-facts and numbers.

Figure 1. Likely mechanisms through which dietary fiber affects the functions of the gastrointestinal tract. Dietary fiber acts as a prebiotic to intestinal microbiota that causes changes in their composition and induces the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Figure 3 Diagram

Dietary fiber acts as a prebiotic for intestinal microbiota, promoting growth of beneficial bacteria and production of short-chain fatty acids. This diagram illustrates multiple mechanisms through which fiber affects gastrointestinal function, including modulation of gut microbiome composition and intestinal barrier integrity.

Dietary fiber in irritable bowel syndrome (Review).

Figure 6
Figure 6 Diagram

Neurological consequences of chronic manganese exposure are summarized, including cognitive impairment, motor dysfunction, and emotional disturbances. The symptoms collectively termed manganism share clinical features with Parkinson's disease.

Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis.

Figure 7
Figure 7 Diagram

Manganese's dual role as both essential nutrient and potential toxin is explored through its effects on enzymatic systems. Superoxide dismutase, arginase, and glutamine synthetase all require manganese as a cofactor for normal function.

Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis.

Figure 2. Effects of Mn dysregulation.
Figure 8 Diagram

A comprehensive diagram maps the systemic effects of manganese dysregulation across multiple organ systems. Both deficiency and excess disrupt metabolic processes, with the nervous system being particularly vulnerable to manganese imbalance.

Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis.

Figure 4. A model of the imbalance in the Mn transport system.
Figure 10 Diagram

A model of manganese transport imbalance depicts the interplay between uptake, distribution, and excretion mechanisms. Disruption of transporters such as SLC30A10 and SLC39A14 can lead to pathological manganese accumulation in target tissues.

Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis.

Figure 3. Vegan pyramid.
Figure 8 Diagram

A vegan food pyramid illustrates recommended dietary proportions for plant-based nutrition, organizing food groups by suggested intake frequency to support metabolic health.

Vegan Diet Health Benefits in Metabolic Syndrome.

Figure 6. Effects of vegan diet on metabolic syndrome. APO, apolipoprotein; FM, fat mass; SFAs, saturated fatty acids; ↑ increase; ↓ decrease.
Figure 11 Diagram

Beneficial effects of a vegan diet on metabolic syndrome components are mapped, showing improvements in apolipoprotein profiles, fat mass reduction, and decreased saturated fatty acid intake alongside their downstream metabolic consequences.

Vegan Diet Health Benefits in Metabolic Syndrome.

Figure 1. The iRISA syndrome [76] in addiction is centrally controlled by dopamine in the brain, while asynchronization, presumed to be linked to cue sensitivity in digital addiction [50–54], is centrally controlled by serotonin. A deficit in both neurotra
Figure 6 Diagram

The impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution (iRISA) syndrome model is illustrated, showing how dopamine-mediated reward pathways in the brain drive cue sensitivity in digital addiction and contribute to sleep disruption.

Digital Addiction and Sleep.

Figure 7
Figure 7 Diagram

Neurobiological mechanisms linking excessive digital device use to disrupted sleep architecture are outlined, connecting screen-mediated blue light exposure and dopaminergic reward activation to circadian rhythm disturbances.

Digital Addiction and Sleep.

Figure 2
Figure 2 Diagram

Approaches for managing antibiotic-associated dysbiosis are summarized, including strategies to restore gut microbial diversity after antibiotic treatment. The figure outlines interventions such as probiotics and microbiota-targeted therapies that may help mitigate dysbiosis in populations predisposed to gut disruption.

Current understanding of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis and approaches for its management.

Fig. 1. The underlying mechanism of depression. Brain insulin resistance develops due to the failure of brain cells to respond to insulin activity. The hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cortex regions of the central nervous system regulate insulin levels in
Figure 3 Diagram

Brain insulin resistance mechanisms underlying depression are depicted, showing how HPA axis dysregulation, reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, and impaired hippocampal function contribute to the condition.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Fig. 2. Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are metabolic diseases that coexist with depression-Created with BioRender.com.
Figure 4 Diagram

Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are illustrated as metabolic diseases that commonly coexist with depression, highlighting their shared pathophysiological mechanisms through chronic low-grade inflammation.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Figure 5
Figure 5 Diagram

Molecular pathways connecting stress-induced inflammation to insulin resistance are detailed, tracing how inflammatory signaling cascades impair insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Figure 6
Figure 6 Diagram

Bidirectional relationships between depression and metabolic disturbances are outlined, showing how each condition exacerbates the other through shared inflammatory and neuroendocrine mechanisms.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Fig. 5. Treatment option for major depressive disorders-Created with BioRender.com.
Figure 7 Diagram

Treatment options for major depressive disorders are presented, including pharmacological, psychological, and lifestyle interventions that address the inflammatory-metabolic axis.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Fig. 6. A schematic representation of the factors affecting metabolic syndrome and the corresponding dietary and lifestyle changes for the alleviating the same.
Figure 8 Diagram

A schematic representation maps the factors contributing to metabolic syndrome alongside corresponding dietary and lifestyle modifications that may alleviate these conditions, integrating evidence on stress management and anti-inflammatory nutrition.

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic …

Fig. 6 A schematic diagram illustrates these profiled CSF metabolites change during brain aging process. These aging‑related CSF metabolomic change might suggest possible blood‑brain barrier(BBB) breakdown, neuroinflammation, and mitochodrial dysfunction
Figure 10 Diagram

A schematic diagram summarizes the profiled CSF metabolite changes during brain aging, linking age-related metabolic shifts to neurodegeneration risk pathways.

Exploring the aging process of cognitively healthy adults by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid …